Technical water processes often have specific water quality requirements. Changes in physical or chemical properties such as water temperature, pH value, pressure or the concentration of dissolved substances have a significant impact on the solubility of water components. A change in the water properties in the process can cause ions that would otherwise be dissolved to precipitate and form deposits in the water cycle. In particular, the so-called hardeners, calcium and magnesium ions, precipitate as carbonate compounds and lime soaps. Deposits impair heat transfer in heat exchangers, reduce pipe cross-sections and provide a perfect surface for microorganisms to colonize and biofilms to form. To prevent the formation of these deposits,

The use of a softening system is the most reliable and economical measure to remove hardening agents. Calcium and magnesium ions in particular are exchanged for sodium ions in special pressure vessels filled with ion exchange resins. Sodium is much more stable in the water process than the hardeners and does not form deposits in the water cycle. The softening process is controlled with valve heads specially developed for softening systems. Once the ion exchange resins have reached their hardness removal capacity, the control systems regenerate the resins using a concentrated sodium chloride brine.